Gravel: How Many Tons Do You Need? Tons vs Cubic Yards Explained

Gravel is sold by the ton or the cubic yard. Learn how to convert between them, how deep to spread it, and how to order the right amount.

Gravel suppliers quote by the ton, by the cubic yard, or both. The two are linked by density, and density varies, which is why two people with the same job can order different amounts. This guide shows how to convert and how to avoid ordering too little.

Step 1: Find the volume

Cubic feet = length × width × depth in inches ÷ 12. Divide by 27 for cubic yards. This part is plain geometry and does not depend on the type of stone.

Step 2: Convert to tons

Tons = cubic yards × density. Crushed stone and gravel commonly weigh about 1.4 to 1.7 tons per cubic yard, depending on stone size, moisture and compaction. Ask your supplier for the weight per cubic yard of the exact product you are buying, because that is the number they will use.

Worked example: a 10 × 20 foot path, 3 inches deep

• Volume: 10 × 20 × 3 ÷ 12 = 50 cubic feet
• Cubic yards: 50 ÷ 27 = 1.85
• At 1.4 tons per cubic yard: 1.85 × 1.4 = 2.59 tons
• At 1.7 tons per cubic yard: 1.85 × 1.7 = 3.15 tons

The range between those two answers is why it matters to know your product's density. Our gravel calculator uses 1.4, the low end, so your supplier's figure may be higher.

How deep should gravel be?

• Garden paths and decorative areas: often around 2 to 3 inches.
• Driveways: commonly 4 to 6 inches or more in total, laid in layers over a compacted base.
• Under pavers or slabs: the base depth depends on the soil and use; follow the product's instructions.

Tips for ordering

• Order a little extra, because the base layer compacts and the edges spread.
• Landscape fabric under a path helps keep stone out of the soil and slows weeds.
• Ask which stone sizes suit your job; larger angular stone for bases, smaller stone for walking surfaces.
• Check the delivery access and where the truck can tip the load.